Glossary

Acronym Full Name Description/Comments

A

    
ACDP Advisory Committee on Dangerous Pathogens  
ACT Artemisinin based Combination Therapy  
ADCI Antibody Dependent Cellular Inhibition In-vitro assay  used to assess if  antibodies are capable of inhibiting malaria parasite invasion and growth in vitro in monocyte dependent fashion
AdjuNet Adjuvant Network  
AERAS Aeras Global TB Vaccine Foundation  
AFP Adjuvant Formulation Platform  
AFSSAPS Agence Francaise de Sécurité SAnitaire des Produits de Santé  
AIA Afro ImmunoAssay  
AIDS Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome  
Alum Aluminium Hydroxide  
AMA Apical Membrane Antigen AMA1 - a malaria vaccine candidate
AMANET African Malaria Network Trust EMVDA partner, Tanzania
AMVTN African Malaria Vaccine Testing Network forerunner of AMANET
ANRS Agence Nationale de Recherches Sur Le Sida et les Hépitates Virales  
APCs Antigen Presenting Cells  
API Active Pharmaceutical Ingredient  
AWC Animal Welfare Committee  
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B

    
BCF Brighton Collaboration Foundation INYVAX partner, Switzerland
B-CT Bacterial Cholera Toxin  
BEG Bureau Europe Genopole PHARVAT partner, France
BIFP

Besluit Immunologische Farmaceutische Producten
Directive Immunological Pharmaceutal Products

 Specifications that a (novel) (immunological, pharmaceutical) product needs to comply with (Dutch)
B-LT Bacterial heat-Labile Enterotoxin  
BMBF Federal Ministry of Education and Research  In Germany
BMGF Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation  
BMZ German Federal Ministry for Economic Cooperation and Development  
BPRC Biomedical Primate Research Centre EMVDA + INYVAX + OPTIMALVAC + PHARVAT + TRANSVAC partner, The Netherlands
BSE Bovine Spongiform Encephalopathy  
BSL Biosafety Level A specific combination of work practices, safety equipment, and facilities which are designed to minimize the exposure of workers and the environment to infectious agents. The levels range from the lowest 1 (well characterized) to the highest 4 (dangerous). In Europe, they are specified in directive 90/220/EEC and in the USA,  they are specified by the CDC.
BTG British Technology Group  
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C

    
CBF Clinical Biomanufacturing Facility University of Oxford’s manufacturing facility
CDA Confidential Disclosure Agreement  
CDC Centres for Disease Control OPTIMALVAC partner, USA
CDP Clinical Development Plan  
CDS Communicable Diseases Cluster at WHO
CEA

Commissariat à l'Énergie atomique et aux énergies Alternatives

  
CEPR Centre for Emergency Preparedness and Response at HPA
CEST Central Europe Summer Time GMT+2 (from last Sunday in March to last Sunday in October)
CET Central Europe Time GMT+1
CFAR Centre for AIDS Reagents  
CFM Core Facility Management  
cGMP current Good Manufacturing Practice "current" as used by FDA to exert manufacturers to employ up-to-date technologies and systems
CGE

Capillary Gel Electrophoresis

  
ChAd Chimpanzee Adenovirus  
CHIM Controlled Human Malaria Infection  
CHMP Committee for Human Medicinal Products Committee responsible for preparing the EMEA's opinions on all questions concerning medicines for human use
CHO Chinese Hamster Overary  
CHUV Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois  EMVDA partner, Switzerland
CIDR Cysteine-rich InterDomain Region Adhesion module of Plasmodium falciparum that is responsible for immune evasion and cytoadherence
CIOMS Council for International Organization of Medical Sciences  
CJD Creutzfeldt-Jakob Disease  
CMC Chemistry, Manufacturing and Control  
CMO Contract Manufacturing Organisation  
CNRFP Centre National de Recherche et de Formation sur le Paludisme  MVVC partner, Burkina Faso
CoA Certificate of Analysis  
CoI Conflict of Interest  
COORD Coordination  
CPE Communicable Disease Control, Prevention and  Eradication at WHO
CPF Core Project File  
CPMP Committee for Proprietary Medicinal Products at EMEA
CR Crucell Holland B.V. EMVDA partner, The Netherlands
CRESIB Centre de Recerca en Salut Internacional de Barcelona   OPTIMALVAC partner, Spain
CRF Case Report Form Document used in clinical trials
CRO Contract Research Organisation  
CS CircumSporozoite  
CSA Chondroitin Sulphate A  
CSP CircumSporozoite Protein  
CSR Communicable Disease Surveillance and Response  
CSVAC A CircumSporozoite protein VACcine A malaria vaccine candidate using the adenovirus Ch63 vector
CT Clinical Trial  
CTA

Clinical Trial Application

  
CTP Clinical Trial Protocol
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D

    
D13 Stage specifically expressed, highly conserved gene product of P falciparum, recognised by parasite growth inhibitory antibodies A malaria vaccine candidate
DALY Disability-Adjusted Life Year  
DANIDA Danish Development Agency EVI donor
DBL Duffy Binding-Like Adhesion module of Plasmodium falciparum that is responsible for immune evasion and cytoadherence
DEC Dutch independent local Ethic Committee  
DFID UK Department for International Development  
DGIS Directorate General for International Cooperation at Ministry of Foreign Affairs, The Netherlands, EVI donor
DHGB German Human Genome Programme   
DiCo Diversity Covering EVI AMA1 DiCo project
DKFZ Deutsches KrebsForschungsZentrum (German Centre for Cancer Research)  
DNA Deoxyribonucleic Acid  
DNDi Drugs for Neglected Diseases initiative  
DoP Diseases of Poverty  
DOTS Directly Observed Treatment Short  
DoW Description of Work Annex of EC Contracts
DP Drug Product  
DS Drug Substance  
DSMB Data Safety Monitoring Board  
DSPB Deep Sequencing Platform Braunschweig  
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E

    
EAAC European Adjuvant Advisory Committee PHARVAT partner, UK
EAEMP European Agency for Evaluation of Medicinal Products  
EBA Erythrocyte Binding Antigen Malaria
EC European Commission  
ECBS Expert Committee on Biological Standardisation  
ECDC European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control  
E.coli Escherichia coli  
ECRIN European Clinical Infrastructure Network  
EDCTP European and Developing Countries’ Clinical Trials Partnership The Netherlands, MVVC funder
EDQM European Directorate for the Quality of Medicines and HealthCare European Organisation involved in Harmonisation and Co-ordination of Standardisation, Regulation and Quality Control of Medicines, Blood Transfusion, Organ Transplantation, Pharmaceuticals and Pharmaceutical Care
EEA European Economic Area  
EEIG European Economic Interest Grouping  
EF Experimental Facilities  
EIVAC European Immunisation and Vaccine Advocacy Coalition  
EKUT Eberhard-Karls Universität Tübingen EMVDA partner, Germany
ELISA Enzyme Link ImmunoSorbent Assay An in-vitro serological test allowing the quantitative measurement of antigens or antibodies using an enzyme as reporter label
ELISpot Enzyme Linked Immuno spot assay An in-vitro assay that was  originally developed to enumerate B cells secreting antigen-specific antibodies  and that was subsequently  been adapted to allow  the identification and enumeration of cytokine-producing cells at the single cell level
EMA European Medicines Agency  
EMBL European Molecular Biology Laboratory Germany
EMBO European Molecular Biology Organization  
EMEA European Medicines Agency  
EMVDA European Malaria Vaccine Development Association FP6 EC-funded project
EMVI European Malaria Vaccine Initiative now EVI
EPI Expanded Programme on Immunisation  
ERIC European Research Infrastructure Consortium  
ESAC External Scientific Advisory Committee from EMVDA
ESI Electro Spray Ionisation  
ETNA ETNA Biotech EMVDA partner, Italy
EU European Union  
EURHAVAC European Network for Harmonisation of Malaria Vaccine Development FP6 EC-funded project
EUVAC European Union Vaccines Advocacy Coalition  
EVI European Vaccine Initiative  
EVM European Vaccine Manufacturers  
EXP-1 Exported (antigen 1) A blood stage malaria vaccine candidate
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F

    
FACS Fluorescence Activated Cell Sorted  
FDA Food and Drug Administration USA
FIND Foundation for Innovative New Diagnostics  
FMER Fondation Marcel Merieux INYVAX partner, France
FP Framework Programme EC programme
FTE Full Time Equivalent  
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G

    
GADI Global Adjuvant Development Initiative Initiative coordinated by WHO
GAG GlycosAminoGlycan  
GAPR Global Analysis Platform Regensburg  
GATDB Global Alliance for TB Drug Development  
GAVI Global Alliance for Vaccines and Immunization  
GBF German Research Centre for Biotechnology  
GCLP Good Clinical Laboratory Practice  
GCP Good Clinical Practice  
GDP Gross Domestic Product  
GFA Gregory Fryer Associates  
GHS Global Health Security  
GIA Growth Inhibition Assay An in-vitro assay which measures the capacity of antibodies to limit the invasion and the growth of Plasmodium falciparum in red blood cells
GIM Growth Inhibition in presence of Monocytes In-vitro assay  used to assess if  antibodies are capable of inhibiting malaria parasite invasion and growth in vitro in monocyte dependent fashion
GLA-SE Glucopyranosyl Lipid Adjuvant-Stable Emulsion  
GLP Good Laboratory Practice  
GLURP (GMZ1) GLUtamate- Rich Protein A malaria vaccine candidate
GMP Good Manufacturing Practice  
GSK GlaxoSmithKline  
GXP Good X Practices A general term for Good Practice quality guidelines and regulations
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H

    
HBHA Heparin Binding Hemaglutinin Adhesion  
HEK Human Embryonic Kidney  
HGF Helmoltz Association of German Federal Research Centres  
HIS Histidine  
HIV Human Immunosuppressive Virus  
HPA-CEPR Health Protection Agency - Centre for Emergency Preparedness and Response OPTIMALVAC + TRANSVAC partner, UK
HPLC High Performance Liquid Chromatography  
HPV Human Papillomavirus Virus that cause most cases of cervical cancer and genital warts
HZI Helmoltz Zentrum für Infektionsforschung Gmb  
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I

    
IA Irish Aid EVI donor
IABS Internatioal Alliance for Biological Standardization  
IAVI International AIDS Vaccine Initiative  
IB Investigator Brochure  
ICGEB International Centre for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology India, JAIVAC and OPTIMALVAC projects
ICH International Conference on Harmonisation of Technical Requirements for Registration of Pharmaceuticals  for Human Use  Project that brings together the regulatory authorities of Europe, Japan and the United States and experts from the pharmaceutical industry. The purpose is to make recommendations on ways to achieve greater harmonisation in the interpretation and application of technical guidelines and requirements for product registration
ICS Intracellular Cytokine Staining  
IDEA African-European Research Initiative on Co-infections of Poverty Related and Neglected Infectious Diseases EC-funded project
IDL ID-Lelystad Instituut voor Dierhouderij en Diergezondheid B.V. INYVAX + TRANSVAC partner, The Netherlands
IDRI Infectious Disease Research Institute USA
IEC Independent Ethics Committee  
IFA ImmunoFluorescence Assay  
IFAT Indirect Fluorescence Antibody Tests  
IFN Interferons  
IFU Instruction For Use  
IgG Immunoglobuline G  
IHR International Health Regulations  
IL InterLeukin  
IMAC Immobilized Metal ion Affinity Chromatography  
IMPD Investigational Medicinal Product Dossier  
INCO-DC International Cooperation Research Programme with Developing Countries EC body
IND Investigational New Drug  
Inserm Institut National de la Sante et de la Recherche Medicale  
INYVAX Optimisation of the Development of Poverty Related Diseases (PRD) Vaccines FP7 EC-funded project
IP Institut Pasteur EMVDA + OPTIMALVAC partner, France
IP International Property  
IPR International Property Rights  
IRB Institutional Review Board  
IRCCS Istituto Nazionale Malattie Infettive L.Spallanzani  
ISO International Organisation for Standardisation  
IVC ImmunoVac Consulting  OPTIM ALVAC partner, Belgium
IVI International Vaccine Institute  
IVR Initiative on Vaccine Research  
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J

    
JAIVAC-1 A malaria recombinant vaccine candidate  
JRA Joint Research Activity  
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K

    
KEMRI Kenya Medical Research Institute Kenya
KEMRI-CGMRC Kenya Medical Research Institute-Centre for Geographical Medical Research Coast MVVC partner, Kenya
KFB Kompetenzzentrum für Fluoreszente Bioanalytik Centre of Excellence for fluorescent bio-analytics
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L

    
LIONEX Lionex GmbH TRANSVAC partner, Germany
LNV Landbouw, Natuur en Voedselkwaliteit Dutch Ministry of Agriculture, Nature and Food Quality
LoI Letter of Invitation/Letter of Intent/Letter of Interest  
LSA Liver Stage Antigen Malaria
LSHTM London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine TRANSVAC partner, UK
LSM Local Safety Monitor  
LSP Long Synthetic Peptide Large synthetic fragments of a protein that can be used as a vaccine
LSTM Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine TRANSVAC partner, UK
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M

    
MAB Monoclonal AntiBody  
MALDI Matrix-Assisted Laser Desorption / Ionisation  
MBC Molecular Blood Count  
MCB Master Cell Bank  
MDG Millennium Development Goals  
MDR-TB MultiDrug-Resistant - TuBerculosis  
M&E Monitoring & Evaluation  
MEP Member of European Parliament  
MESR

Ministère de l’Enseignement Supérieur et de la Recherche

  
ME-TRAP Multiple Epitopes - Thrombospondin-Related Adhesion Protein  
MGT Management  
MIM Multilateral Initiative on Malaria  
MMV Medicines for Malaria Venture  
MoM Minutes of Meeting  
MoU Memorandum of Understanding  
MPG Max Planck Gesellschaft Germany
MPI Max Planck Institute  
MPIIB Max Planck Institute for Infection Biology TRANSVAC partner, Germany
MPL MonoPhosphoryl Lipid  
MRC Medical Research Council  
MRC Gambia Medical Research Council Gambia MVVC partner, The Gambia
MS Mass Spectrometry  
MSc Master in Science  
MSP Merozoite Surface Protein MSP3 - a malaria vaccine candidate
MT Management Team  
MTA Material Transfer Agreement  
MTCA Malaria Clinical Trials Alliance  
MUVAPRED Mucosal Vaccines for Poverty Related Diseases  
MVA Modified Vaccinia Ankara MVA virus is a highly attenuated strain of vaccinia virus that was developed as a safe smallpox vaccine.  MVA has lost essentially  its ability to replicate  in human cells and is used as an expression vector for vaccine development
MVDP Malaria Vaccine Development Programme New Delhi, India
MVFG Malaria Vaccine Funders Group  
MVI Malaria Vaccine Initiative PATH project involved in INYVAX and OPTIMALVAC, USA
MVP Meningitis Vaccine Project PATH, USA
MVVC Malaria Vectored Vaccines Consortium EDCTP-funded project
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N

    
NACCAP The Netherlands-African Partnership for Capacity Development and Clinical  Interventions against Poverty Related Diseases  
NEOTIM Innate and adaptive immunity in clinical and experimental mycobacterial infection  
NHP Non-Human Primate  
NIBSC National Institute for Biological Standards and Control   
NIH National Institutes of Health USA
NIMR National Institute for Medical Research EMVDA partner from MRC, UK
NK Natural Killer  
NMR Nuclear Magnetic Resonance  
NORAD Norwegian Agency for Development and Cooperation Norway
NRPB National Radiological Protection Board  
NTDs Neglected Tropical Diseases  
NTS N-Terminal Sequence  
NVI Netherlands Vaccine Institute  
NWO The Netherlands Organisation for Scientific Research  
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O

    
OECD Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development  
OMV Outer Membrane Vesicle  
OPTIMALVAC Initiative on Optimizing Malaria Vaccine Lab Assays Evaluation FP7 EC-funded project
ORF Open Reading Frame  
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P

    
P27A Fragment P27A of the novel malaria protein PFF0165c A malaria vaccine candidate
PAM Pregnancy Associated Malaria  
PATH Program for Appropriate Technology in Health INYVAX and OPTIMALVAC partner in USA
PBMC Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cell Any blood cell having a round nucleus, mainly lymphocyte and monocyte. These cells are key component of the immune system to fight infection
PBS Phosphate Buffered Saline  
PCR Polymerase Chain Reaction A molecular technique that uses a simple enzymatic reaction for rapidly producing many copies of a fragment of DNA for diagnostic or research purposes
PDA Product Development Team P60  
PDP Product Development Partnership PDP serves as a bridge between commercial, governmental and academic institutions to develop drugs and vaccines against neglected diseases by reducing the risk each sector faces in entering new R&D ventures
PE P. falciparum infected Erythrocytes  
Pf Plasmodium falciparum  
PfEMP-DBL

Plasmodium falciparum Erythrocyte Membrane Protein-Duffy Binding-Like

 A malaria vaccine candidate
PHARVAT Platform for the Harmonization of Vaccine Adjuvant FP7 EC-funded project
PI Principal Investigator  
PLG PolyLactide co-Glycolide  
Polyprotein FP9PP and MVA PP A malaria vaccine candidate  
POP Project Operating Procedure  
PRD Poverty Related Diseases  
PRRs Pathogen Recognition Receptors  
PSC Project Steering Committee  
PV Pevion Biotech Ltd. EMVDA partner, Switzerland
PVDF PolyVinylidene Fluoride  
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Q

    
QA Quality Assurance  
QC Quality Control  
QP Qualified Person In Europe, a QP is   individual who has the responsibility to certify  the batch release of a medicinal product to ensure it has been manufactured and checked in accordance with GMP
QSS Quality Safety Standards at WHO
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R

    
RA Regulatory Authorities  
R&D Research and Development  
RBM Roll Back Malaria partnership  
RCSI Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland Member of EVI-EEIG, Investigational centre for CSVAC project
RESA Ring-stage infected Erythrocyte Surface Antigen  
RIVM National Institute for Public Health and the Environment  
RNA Ribonucleic Acid  
RTD Research and Technical Development  
RTS,S

R - repeated sequence of circumsporozoite protein
T -T-cell epitopes
S - genetic sequence (DNA) of hepatitus B virus surface antigen
S - unfused hepatitus B virus surface antigen genetic sequence

 recombinant malaria vaccine candidate
RUNMC Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Centre EMVDA + OPTIMALVAC partner, The Netherlands
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S

    
SAC Scientific Advisory Committee  
SAREC Swedish Committee for Research about developing countries  
SATVI South African Tuberculosis Vaccine Initiative  
SC Steering Committee  
SCID Severe Combined ImmunoDeficiency  
SDC Swiss Directorate for Development and Cooperation  
SGUL St. George's University of London  
SHuffle E.coli strain  
Sida Swedish Development Agency EVI donor
SII Serum Institute of India Ltd.  
SIV Simian Immunodeficiency Virus  
SME Small and Medium-sized Enterprise  
SNP Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms  
SOP Standard Operating Procedure  
SPC Summary of Product Characteristics SPC summaries all product characteristics for all authorised medicinal products
SPF Specific Pathogen Free  
SPf Asexual stage peptide vaccine candidate Malaria
SpHA Special Health Authority  
spp species  
SR1.11 Sub-Region of the mega protein of P falciparum 11.1, expressed at sporozoite and liver stages A malaria vaccine candidate
SRV Stable Assay and Reference Standard Platform  
SSI Statens Serum Institut PHARVAT partner, Denmark
S&T Science & Technology  
STARP Sporozoite Threonine and Asparagine-Rich Protein Malaria
STI Swiss Tropical Institute  
STPH Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute EMVDA partner, Switzerland, former Swiss Tropical Institute (STI)
SU Stockholm University Founder of EVI-EEIG / EMVDA + OPTIMALVAC partner, Sweden
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T

    
TAC Technical Advisory Committee  
TAG Technical Advisory Group  
TB TuBerculosis  
TBV Transmission Blocking Vaccine TBV Pf48/45 - a malaria vaccine candidate
TBVAC TuBerculosis Vaccine  
TBVI TuBerculosis Vaccine Initiative  
TDR Research and Training in Tropical Diseases WHO/UNICEF/UNDP/WB special training programme for Research and Training in Tropical Diseases
TLR Toll Like Receptor  
TNF Tumor Necrosis Factors  
TPP Target Product Profile  
TRANSVAC European Network of Vaccine Research and Development FP7 EC-funded project
TRAP Thrombospondin-Related Adhesion Protein  
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U

    
UCAD Universite Cheikh Anta Diop MVVC partner, Senegal
UEDIN University of Edinburgh  EMVDA + IDEA + OPTIMALVAC partner, UK
UHEI University of Heidelberg EMVDA partner, Germany
UNDP United Nations Development Programme  
UNICEF United Nations Children's' Fund  
UNIGE University of Genève INYVAX partner, Switzerland
UNIL Universite de Lausanne TRANSVAC partner, Switzerland
UOXF University of Oxford  EMVDA + OPTIMALVAC + TRANSVAC partner, UK
UREG University of Regensburg TRANSVAC partner, Germany
USAID The United States Agency for International Development USA
USP User Selection Panel  
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V

    
VAR2-CSA A Pregnancy Associated Malaria (PAM) vaccine candidate  
VAR2-CSA DBL3-X A Pregnancy Associated Malaria (PAM) vaccine candidate  
VINCOMAL European Action for Development of Malaria Vaccines  
VLP Virus Like Particle VLP mimic the external protein structure of a virus without including the genetic material.VLP vaccines are incapable of causing infections while at the same time presenting viral antigens in the most authentic configuration possible
VPM Vakzine Projekt Management GmbH TRANSVAC partner, Germany
VSCR Vienna School of Clinical Research MVVC partner, Austria
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W

    
WB

Western Blot

World Bank

 A technique for identifying a particular protein using antibodies after electrophoretic separation in a gel and transfer to a membrane
WHO World Health Organization OPTIMALVAC partner, Switzerland
WHO-COIMS World Health Organization - Council for International Organisations of Medical Sciences  
WHO-GADI World Health Organization - Global Adjuvant Development Initiative INYVAX partner, Switzerland
WHO-IRTC WHO-Immunology Research and Training Centre Switzerland
WHO-IVR WHO-Initiative for Vaccine Research Switzerland
WP Work Package  
WPL Work Package Leader  
WTC Wittycell S.A. PHARVAT partner, France
WUR Wageningen University and Research Centre The Netherlands
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Z

    
ZMBH Zentrum für Molekulare Biologie Heidelberg Centre for Molecular Biology Heidelberg, Germany

Chimpanzee Adenovirus